Meditations — Marcus Aurelius

Meditations

Marcus Aurelius · Licencia: Public domain · Fuente

• Chrysippus, 280-207 B.C., a Stoic philosopher, and the founder of Stoicism as a systematic philosophy. ¶643
• Cithaeron, a mountain range N. of Attica. ¶645
• Comedy, ancient; a term applied to the Attic comedy of Aristophanes and his time, which criticised persons and politics, like a modern comic journal, such as Punck. See New Comedy. ¶646
• Crates, a Cynic philosopher of the 4th century B.C. ¶650
• Croesus, King of Lydia, proverbial for wealth; he reigned 560-546 B.C. ¶651
• DEMETRIUS of Phalerum, an Athenian orator, statesman, philosopher, and poet. Born 345 B.C. ¶653
• Democritus of Abdera (460-361 B.C.), celebrated as the 'laughing philosopher,' whose constant thought was 'What fools these mortals be.' He invented the Atomic Theory. ¶654
• Dio of Syracuse, a disciple of Plato, and afterwards tyrant of Syracuse. Murdered 353 B.C. ¶655
• Diogenes, the Cynic, born about 412 B.C., renowned for his rudeness and hardihood. ¶656
• Dogmata, pithy sayings, or philosophical rules of life. ¶659
• EMPEDOCLES of Agrigentum, fl. 5th century B.C., a philosopher, who first laid down that there were "four elements." He believed in the transmigration of souls, and the indestructibility of matter. ¶660
• Epictetus, a famous Stoic philosopher. He was of Phrygia, at first a slave, then freedman, lame, poor, and contented. The work called Encheiridion was compiled by a pupil from his discourses. ¶661
• Epicureans, a sect of philosophers founded by Epicurus, who "combined the physics of Democritus," i.e. the atomic theory, "with the ethics of Aristippus." ¶662
• They proposed to live for happiness, but the word did not bear that coarse and vulgar sense originally which it soon took. ¶663
• Epicurus of Samos, 342-270 B.C. ¶664
• Lived at Athens in his "gardens," an urbane and kindly, if somewhat useless, life. His character was simple and temperate, and had none of the vice or indulgence which was afterwards associated with the name of Epicurean. ¶665
• Eudoxus of Cnidus, a famous astronomer and physician of the 4th century B. C. ¶666
• Fronto, M. Cornelius, a rhetorician and pleader, made consul in 143 A.D. A number of his letters to M, Aur. and others are extant. ¶669
• GRANUA, a tributary of the Danube. ¶670
• HELICE, ancient capital city of Achaia, swallowed up by an earthquake, 373 B.C. ¶671
• Helvidius Priscus, son-in-law of Thrasea Paetus, a noble man and a lover of liberty. He was banished by Nero, and put to death by Vespasian. ¶672
• Heraclitus of Ephesus, who lived in the 6th century B.C. He wrote on philosophy and natural science. ¶673
• Herculaneum, near Mount Vesuvius, buried by the eruption of 79 AD. ¶674
• Hercules, p. 167, should be Apollo. See Muses. ¶675
• Hipparchus of Bithynia, an astronomer of the 2nd century B.C., "The true father of astronomy." ¶677
• Hippocrates of Cos, about 460-357 B.C. One of the most famous physicians of antiquity. ¶678
• IDIOT, means merely the non-proficient in anything, the "layman," he who was not technically trained in any art, craft, or calling. ¶679
• LEONNATUS, a distinguished general under Alexander the Great. ¶680
• Lucilla, daughter of M. Aurelius, and wife of Verus, whom she survived. ¶681
• MAECENAS, a trusted adviser of Augustus, and a munificent patron of wits and literary men. ¶682
• Maximus, Claudius, a Stoic philosopher. ¶683
• Menippus, a Cynic philosopher. ¶684
• Meteores, ta metewrologika, "high philosophy," used specially of astronomy and natural philosophy, which were bound up with other speculations. ¶685
• Middle Comedy, something midway between the Old and New Comedy. See Comedy, Ancient, and New Comedy. ¶686
• Middle things, Book 7, XXV. The Stoics divided all things into virtue, vice, and indifferent things; but as "indifferent" they regarded most of those things which the world regards as good or bad, such as wealth or poverty. Of these, some were "to be desired," some "to be rejected." ¶687
• Muses, the nine deities who presided over various kinds of poesy, music, etc. Their leader was Apollo, one of whose titles is Musegetes, the Leader of the Muses. ¶688
• New Comedy, the Attic Comedy of Menander and his school, which criticised not persons but manners, like a modern comic opera. See Comedy, Ancient. ¶690
• Pancratiast, competitor in the pancratium, a combined contest which comprised boxing and wrestling. ¶692
• Parmularii, gladiators armed with a small round shield (parma). ¶693
• Pheidias, the most famous sculptor of antiquity. ¶694

AtrásSiguiente →Libros de sentencias